It is said that after composing his text on Arabic grammar in front of the blessed Ka’ba, Imam Ibn Ajurrum threw his book into the sea saying, "If this was purely for the sake of Allah Most High, it will not get wet." The book, miraculously, did not get wet, and henceforth became famous under the name al-Ajurumiyya. Spreading from Syria in the East to Morocco in the West, and being studied extensively until the present day, al-Ajurumiyya is distinguished from other books by its barakah (blessing) and scholarly acceptance.
Al-Ajurumiyya is a brief summary of the most important rules of Arabic grammar. But it is deceptively simple—there's a lot that goes on behind the scenes of the "raw rules" that it lists. The goal of the course is to get behind the scenes and understand the theory of Arabic grammar at a deep level. By completing this course, you will have a "map" that you can use to navigate the language.
This course will cover the entire text of the Ajurumiyya and give you an organized presentation of Arabic grammar rulings. This will give you the ability to understand Arabic sentences and inflect them in a proper way. In the long-term, the knowledge of grammar and its nuances will reflect this on how well you are able to understand the Quran.
The focus of this course is grammatical theory, and by the end of the class you will appreciate the depth and intricacy of Arabic grammatical science as formulated and refined by Muslim grammarians for over a millennium. You will understand the theoretical definitions of grammar rulings covered in the text, and you will be able to use this understanding to grammatically analyze many Quranic verses.
This course is for students who are already familiar with the basic rules of Arabic grammar.
Lesson 1: Introduction
- Importance of the Arabic language
- Grammar and the Quran
- Grammar and the Islamic Sciences
- Theory of Kalam
Lesson 2: Types of Words
- How words indicate meanings
- How to identify different types of words
Lesson 3: Theory of I’rab
- Concept of ‘amal, ‘amil and ma’mul
- Concept of signs
- Concept of Bina’
Lesson 4: Explicit Signs of I’rab
- Explicit signs for all states of all types of nouns
- Explicit signs for all states of all types of verbs
Lesson 5: Implict Signs of I’rab
- Implicit signs for all states of many types of nouns
Lesson 6: Verbs and How they go into the Nasb State (1)
- Different types of verbs
- Concept of a Nasib
- An, Lan and Idhan
- Concept of a Masdar Muawwal
Lesson 7: How verbs go into the Nasb State (2)
- Concept of intrinsic and extrinsic ‘amal
- Concept of a Masdar Muawwal
- Hatta, Lam of Kay, Kay, Lam of Juhud
Lesson 8: How verbs go into the Nasb State (3)
- Concept of intrinsic and extrinsic ‘amal
- Concept of a Masdar Muawwal
- Concept of ‘Atf
- Fa’ al-Sababiyya, Waw al-Ma’iyyah, Aw
Lesson 9: How verbs go into the Jazm State (1)
- Concept of a Jazim
- Jazm of one verb; Jazm of two
- Concept of a conditional sentence
- Lam, Lamma, Lam al Amr, In and Idhma
Lesson 10: How verbs go into the Jazm State (2)
- The different kinds of jawazim & their conditions
- Conditional Nouns
- State and role of Conditional nouns
- Conditional Nouns in Poetry
Lesson 11: Fa’il and Na’ib al-Fa’il
- Definition of Fail – Distinction between Mubtada’ and Fa’il and Matn Language
- Concept of Istitar
- Fa’il as pronoun, various types of pronouns; Fa’il as a masdar ma’awwal
- Definition of Naib al-Fa’il
- Fa’il as pronoun, various types of pronouns; Fa’il as a masdar ma’awwal
Lesson 12: Mubtada’ and Khabar
- Definition of the Mubtada’ – Matn Language and concept of Isnad
- Definition of the khabar
- Distinction of a Khabar as a Mufrad or a Jumla
- Implied words – Concept of Ta’alluq
Lesson 13: Abrogators of the Mubtada & Khabr (1) Kana and its sisters
- Concept of an abrogator
- Concept of the ‘amal of an abrogator – Concept of Maf’ul bihi, ta’alluq and Deficient verbs
- Various verb abrogator
Lesson 14: Abrogators of the Mubtada & Khabr (2 and 3) Inna and its sisters and Dhanna and its sisters
- Concept of an abrogator
- Concept of a harf
- Concept of the ‘amal of an abrogator – Concept of Maf’ul bihi, ta’alluq and Deficient verbs
- Concept of numerous maf’ul bihi’s
- Concept of verbs of emotion and verbs and of action
- Various verb abrogator
Lesson 15: Words that follow the states of states (1) al-Na’t
- Concept of ‘amal
- Concept of specification
- Concept of Ishtiqaq
- Concept of definite and indefinite nouns
Lesson 16: Words that follow the states of states (1) al-Atf and al-Tawkid
- Concept of ‘amal
- Concept of a harf
- Meanings of Huruf al-Atf
- Dinstinction between emphasis and specification
Lesson 17: Words that follow the states of states (1) al-badal
- Concept of ‘amal
- Dinstinction between replacing and specification – concept of tarkib
- Various types of badal
- Badal with masdar muawwal
Lesson 18: The Maf’ul bihi and Maf’ul mudlaq
- Concept of a verb
- Maf’ul bihi as a pronoun
- Maf’ul bihi as a Masdar mu’awwal
- Maf’ul mutlaq as lafdhy and ma’nawi
Lesson 19: The Hal and Tamyiz
- Haal –amal on the hal, specification, Istiqaq
- Tamyiz – dinstinction from hal, common uses of tamyiz
Lesson 20: Exceptions
- Exceptions from affirmative statements
- Exceptions from negative statements
- Exceptions from in which the group is mentioned
- Exceptions from in which the group is not mentioned
- Nouns in exceptions
- Concept of implicit signs
Lesson 21: La of Categorical Negation
- Concept of a harf
- Types of La
- Concept of Generality being probabilistic or certain
- Concept of abrogation of a noun sentence
Lesson 21: Al Munada
- Concept of a harf, omission of words and words standing in the stead of others
- Concept of bina’
- Types of Munada
Lesson 22: al-Maf’ul min ajlihi and al-Maf’ul ma’ahu
- Review of maf’ul
- Concept of ta’alluq
- Concept of Harf
Lesson 23: Jarr and Hurf al-Jarr
- Concept of amal of a verb
- Concept of Ta’addi
- Concept of amal of huruf
- How particles indicate meanings
- Specific meanings of huruf al-jarr
Lesson 24: Idafa and conclusion
- Al-Jarr
- Next steps, Tafsir, Islamic sciences
